Diciptakan di tahun 1999, dan belum juga bergaung sampai tahun 2003: D Language. Mirip C++, dan memang merupakan satu alternatif lagi untuk memperbaiki C dan C++, dalam arti memberikan kekuatan baru atas C, dan memberikan kesederhanaan buat C++. Tapi sengaja nggak dibikin 100% portabel dengan dua bahasa itu. Penciptanya belajar bahwa C++ jadi rumit justru karena pernah mau 100% portabel dengan C, dulunya. Udah rumit, akhirnya nggak portabel juga dengan C99.
Anyway, kerumitan C++ justru mengasyikkan, terutama kalau kita lagi punya waktu. Kalau ada pihak2 yang bener2 merasa C++ itu provoking dan frustrating, feel happy-lah bahwa masih ada alternatif bahasa serupa C++ yang nggak harus lekat dengan VM (kayak C# dan Java) , nggak berasa beginner (kayak Basic dan Java), bukan scripting (kayak Perl atau Ruby), masih punya template (tapi lebih simpel daripada C++).
Gini kalimat pembuka di websitenya: It seems to me that most of the “new” programming languages fall into one of two categories: Those from academia with radical new paradigms and those from large corporations with a focus on RAD and the web. Maybe its time for a new language born out of practical experience implementing compilers.
Contoh program D:
import std.stdio; void main(char[][] args) { writefln("Hello World, Reloaded"); // auto type inference and built-in foreach foreach (argc, argv; args) { // Object Oriented Programming CmdLin cl = new CmdLin(argc, argv); // Improved typesafe printf writefln(cl.argnum, cl.suffix, " arg: %s", cl.argv); // Automatic or explicit memory management delete cl; } // Nested structs and classes struct specs { // all members automatically initialized int count, allocated; } // Nested functions can refer to outer // variables like args specs argspecs() { specs* s = new specs; // no need for '->' s.count = args.length; // get length of array with .length s.allocated = typeof(args).sizeof; // built-in native type properties foreach (argv; args) s.allocated += argv.length * typeof(argv[0]).sizeof; return *s; } // built-in string and common string operations writefln("argc = %d, " ~ "allocated = %d", argspecs().count, argspecs().allocated); } class CmdLin { private int _argc; private char[] _argv; public: this(int argc, char[] argv) // constructor { _argc = argc; _argv = argv; } int argnum() { return _argc + 1; } char[] argv() { return _argv; } char[] suffix() { char[] suffix = "th"; switch (_argc) { case 0: suffix = "st"; break; case 1: suffix = "nd"; break; case 2: suffix = "rd"; break; default: break; } return suffix; } }
“Great, just what I need.. another D in programming.” — Segfault